(Circulation. 2000;102:716.)
© 2000 American Heart Association, Inc.
Clinical Investigation and Reports |
Endothelial Dysfunction in Men With Small LDL Particles
From the Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Correspondence to Hannele Yki-Järvinen, MD, Department of Medicine, Haartmaninkatu 4, PO Box 340, 00029 HUCH, Helsinki, Finland. E-mail ykijarvi{at}helsinki.fi
Background—It is unknown whether LDL particle size is, independent of other lipids and lipoproteins, associated with endothelial dysfunction in vivo.
Methods and Results—We determined in vivo
endothelial function in 34 healthy men by measuring
forearm blood flow responses to intrabrachial artery infusions of
acetylcholine (ACh, an endothelium-dependent
vasodilator) and sodium nitroprusside (an
endothelium-independent vasodilator). LDL peak particle
size was measured with gradient gel electrophoresis. Men with small LDL
particles (LDL diameter 
25.5 nm, n=10) had a 39% lower blood flow
response to ACh than men with large LDL particles (LDL diameter >25.5
nm, n=24, blood flow 6.9±3.6 versus 11.4±5.1 mL/dL · min,
P=0.006). The groups had comparable LDL
cholesterol concentrations (3.9±0.6 versus 3.7±1.0
mmol/L, men with small versus large LDL particles), blood pressure,
glucose concentrations, and body mass indexes. LDL size
(r=0.45, P=0.01) but not HDL
cholesterol (r=0.31, P=0.09)
or triglycerides (r=-0.19,
P=0.30) was significantly correlated with
endothelium-dependent vasodilation. Serum
triglyceride concentrations and LDL size were inversely
correlated (r=-0.44, P=0.01). In
multivariate regression analysis, LDL size was
the only significant determinant of the ACh-induced increase in blood
flow. Sodium nitroprusside–stimulated
endothelium-independent vasodilation was similar in
both groups.
Conclusions—Small LDL particles are associated with impaired in vivo endothelial function independent of HDL and LDL cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations. LDL size may therefore mediate adverse effects of hypertriglyceridemia on vascular function.
Key Words: lipoproteins • atherosclerosis • vasodilation • blood flow • nitric oxide
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