(Circulation. 2000;102:3130.)
© 2000 American Heart Association, Inc.
Basic Science Reports |
Prostacyclin Analogues Differentially Inhibit Growth of Distal and Proximal Human Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells
From the Department of Histochemistry (J.W., N.D., J.M.P.), the Section on Clinical Pharmacology (P.D.U., N.W.M.), and the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery (M.H.Y.), Imperial College School of Medicine, London, UK.
Correspondence to John Wharton, PhD, Section on Clinical Pharmacology, Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 ONN, UK. E-mail j.wharton{at}ic.ac.uk
Background—Prostacyclin has proved to be a beneficial treatment for patients with severe pulmonary hypertension. We postulated that the response may reflect, at least in part, inhibition of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) growth.
Methods and Results—Human PASMCs were derived from distal (<1-mm external diameter, n=8) and proximal (>8-mm external diameter, n=12) pulmonary arteries obtained at transplant surgery and pneumonectomy. The effects of the stable prostacyclin analogues on [methyl-3H]thymidine incorporation and cell proliferation were investigated by using immunohistochemically characterized cells. Distal cells proliferated faster than did proximal PASMCs and displayed a distinct sensitivity to cicaprost and iloprost. Both analogues inhibited thymidine uptake over 24 hours (20% to 60%, P<0.001; n=8) and abolished stimulation of DNA synthesis by platelet-derived growth factor-BB (10 ng/mL) in distal but not proximal cells. The inhibitory effect of cicaprost was mimicked by isoproterenol (10-5 mol/L), forskolin (10-5 mol/L), and dibutyryl cAMP (5x10-4 mol/L) and was potentiated by the phosphodiesterase inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (5x10-5 mol/L). Cicaprost (10-10 to 10-6 mol/L) inhibited the proliferation of PASMCs, which had been stimulated with either platelet-derived growth factor-BB or serum, and increased cAMP production. These effects were potentiated by 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine and attenuated by the adenylyl cyclase inhibitor 2',5'-dideoxyadenosine (10-5 to 10-4 mol/L).
Conclusions—Cicaprost and iloprost inhibit DNA synthesis and proliferation to a greater extent in distal compared with proximal human PASMCs, acting at least in part via a cAMP-dependent mechanism. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that prostacyclin analogues inhibit vascular remodeling in pulmonary hypertension and demonstrate heterogeneity among human PASMCs.
Key Words: prostaglandins • hypertension, pulmonary • muscle, smooth • remodeling
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