(Circulation. 2000;101:948.)
© 2000 American Heart Association, Inc.
Clinical Investigation and Reports |
Long-Term Follow-Up of Patients With Mild Coronary Artery Disease and Endothelial Dysfunction
From the Center for Coronary Physiology and Imaging, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, and Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minn.
Correspondence to Amir Lerman, MD, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905. E-mail lerman.amir{at}mayo.edu
Background—Coronary endothelial dysfunction is characterized by vasoconstrictive response to the endothelium-dependent vasodilator acetylcholine. Although endothelial dysfunction is considered an early phase of coronary atherosclerosis, there is a paucity of information regarding the outcome of these patients. Thus, this study was designed to evaluate the outcome of patients with mild coronary artery disease on the basis of their endothelial function.
Methods and Results—Follow-up was obtained in 157 patients with mildly diseased coronary arteries who had undergone coronary vascular reactivity evaluation by graded administration of intracoronary acetylcholine, adenosine, and nitroglycerin and intracoronary ultrasound at the time of diagnostic study. Patients were divided on the basis of their response to acetylcholine into 3 groups: group 1 (n=83), patients with normal endothelial function; group 2 (n=32), patients with mild endothelial dysfunction; and group 3 (n=42), patients with severe endothelial dysfunction. Over an average 28-month follow-up (range, 11 to 52 months), none of the patients from group 1 or 2 had cardiac events. However, 6 (14%) with severe endothelial dysfunction had 10 cardiac events (P<0.05 versus groups 1 and 2). Cardiac events included myocardial infarction, percutaneous or surgical coronary revascularization, and/or cardiac death.
Conclusions—Severe endothelial dysfunction in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease is associated with increased cardiac events. This study supports the concept that coronary endothelial dysfunction may play a role in the progression of coronary atherosclerosis.
Key Words: atherosclerosis • acetylcholine • endothelium • coronary disease
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  P. G. Camici and O. E. Rimoldi The Clinical Value of Myocardial Blood Flow Measurement J. Nucl. Med., July 1, 2009; 50(7): 1076 - 1087. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Raichlin, A. Prasad, W. K. Kremers, B. S. Edwards, C. S. Rihal, A. Lerman, and S. S. Kushwaha Sirolimus as primary immunosuppression is associated with improved coronary vasomotor function compared with calcineurin inhibitors in stable cardiac transplant recipients Eur. Heart J., June 1, 2009; 30(11): 1356 - 1363. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Cassar, P. Chareonthaitawee, C. S. Rihal, A. Prasad, R. J. Lennon, L. O. Lerman, and A. Lerman Lack of Correlation Between Noninvasive Stress Tests and Invasive Coronary Vasomotor Dysfunction in Patients With Nonobstructive Coronary Artery Disease Circ Cardiovasc Intervent, June 1, 2009; 2(3): 237 - 244. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Gulati, R. M. Cooper-DeHoff, C. McClure, B. D. Johnson, L. J. Shaw, E. M. Handberg, I. Zineh, S. F. Kelsey, M. F. Arnsdorf, H. R. Black, et al. Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes in Women With Nonobstructive Coronary Artery Disease: A Report From the Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation Study and the St James Women Take Heart Project Arch Intern Med, May 11, 2009; 169(9): 843 - 850. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. L. Prior, D. R. Gable, J. A. Cooper, S. C. Bain, S. J. Hurel, S. E. Humphries, and J. W. Stephens Association between the adiponectin promoter rs266729 gene variant and oxidative stress in patients with diabetes mellitus Eur. Heart J., May 2, 2009; 30(10): 1263 - 1269. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. P. Crandall, H. Shamoon, H. W. Cohen, M. Reid, S. Gajavelli, G. Trandafirescu, V. Tabatabaie, and N. Barzilai Post-Challenge Hyperglycemia in Older Adults Is Associated with Increased Cardiovascular Risk Profile J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., May 1, 2009; 94(5): 1595 - 1601. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. Koivuviita, R. Tertti, M. Jarvisalo, M. Pietila, J. Hannukainen, J. Sundell, P. Nuutila, J. Knuuti, and K. Metsarinne Increased basal myocardial perfusion in patients with chronic kidney disease without symptomatic coronary artery disease Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., April 15, 2009; (2009) gfp175v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Phan, C. Shufelt, and C. N. B. Merz Persistent Chest Pain and No Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease JAMA, April 8, 2009; 301(14): 1468 - 1474. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W A Jaber, E H Yang, R A Nishimura, P Sorajja, C S Rihal, A Elesber, E Eeckhout, and A Lerman Immediate improvement in coronary flow reserve after alcohol septal ablation in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy Heart, April 1, 2009; 95(7): 564 - 569. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Vona, G.M. Codeluppi, T. Iannino, E. Ferrari, J. Bogousslavsky, and L.K. von Segesser Effects of Different Types of Exercise Training Followed by Detraining on Endothelium-Dependent Dilation in Patients With Recent Myocardial Infarction Circulation, March 31, 2009; 119(12): 1601 - 1608. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Corti, A. J. Flammer, N. K. Hollenberg, and T. F. Luscher Cocoa and Cardiovascular Health Circulation, March 17, 2009; 119(10): 1433 - 1441. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Gulati and R. D. Simari Defining the potential for cell therapy for vascular disease using animal models Dis. Model. Mech., March 1, 2009; 2(3-4): 130 - 137. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. E. Gates, W. D. Strain, and A. C. Shore Human endothelial function and microvascular ageing Exp Physiol, March 1, 2009; 94(3): 311 - 316. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. P.J. Halcox, A. E. Donald, E. Ellins, D. R. Witte, M. J. Shipley, E. J. Brunner, M. G. Marmot, and J. E. Deanfield Endothelial Function Predicts Progression of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Circulation, February 24, 2009; 119(7): 1005 - 1012. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. R. Schelbert Coronary circulatory function abnormalities in insulin resistance insights from positron emission tomography. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., February 3, 2009; 53(5 Suppl): S3 - S8. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. G. Schwartz and O. Wexler Early identification and monitoring progression of Chagas' cardiomyopathy with SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. Img., February 1, 2009; 2(2): 173 - 175. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Bai, L. Sun, T. Yang, K. Sun, J. Chen, and R. Hui Increase in fasting vascular endothelial function after short-term oral L-arginine is effective when baseline flow-mediated dilation is low: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, January 1, 2009; 89(1): 77 - 84. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. J. Gibbons Noninvasive Diagnosis and Prognosis Assessment in Chronic Coronary Artery Disease: Stress Testing With and Without Imaging Perspective Circ Cardiovasc Imaging, November 1, 2008; 1(3): 257 - 269. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. R. Pries, H. Habazettl, G. Ambrosio, P. R. Hansen, J. C. Kaski, V. Schachinger, H. Tillmanns, G. Vassalli, I. Tritto, M. Weis, et al. A review of methods for assessment of coronary microvascular disease in both clinical and experimental settings Cardiovasc Res, November 1, 2008; 80(2): 165 - 174. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Gossl, U. I. Modder, E. J. Atkinson, A. Lerman, and S. Khosla Osteocalcin Expression by Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Patients With Coronary Atherosclerosis J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., October 14, 2008; 52(16): 1314 - 1325. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Westphal, C. Abletshauser, and C. Luley Fluvastatin Treatment and Withdrawal: Effects on Endothelial Function Angiology, October 1, 2008; 59(5): 613 - 618. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Maiolino, M. Cesari, D. Sticchi, M. Zanchetta, L. Pedon, K. Antezza, A. C. Pessina, and G. P. Rossi Plasma Adiponectin for Prediction of Cardiovascular Events and Mortality in High-Risk Patients J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., September 1, 2008; 93(9): 3333 - 3340. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Peter, C. Weigert, H. Staiger, K. Rittig, A. Cegan, P. Lutz, F. Machicao, H.-U. Haring, and E. Schleicher Induction of stearoyl-CoA desaturase protects human arterial endothelial cells against lipotoxicity Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, August 1, 2008; 295(2): E339 - E349. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. Fernhall and S. Agiovlasitis Arterial function in youth: window into cardiovascular risk J Appl Physiol, July 1, 2008; 105(1): 325 - 333. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Turkmen, H. Oflaz, B. Uslu, A. O. Cimen, A. Elitok, E. Kasikcioglu, S. Alisir, F. Tufan, S. Namli, M. Uysal, et al. Coronary Flow Velocity Reserve and Carotid Intima Media Thickness in Patients with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: From Impaired Tubules to Impaired Carotid and Coronary Arteries Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., July 1, 2008; 3(4): 986 - 991. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Rakobowchuk, S. Tanguay, K. A. Burgomaster, K. R. Howarth, M. J. Gibala, and M. J. MacDonald Sprint interval and traditional endurance training induce similar improvements in peripheral arterial stiffness and flow-mediated dilation in healthy humans Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, July 1, 2008; 295(1): R236 - R242. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Ashfaq, J. L. Abramson, D. P. Jones, S. D. Rhodes, W. S. Weintraub, W. C. Hooper, V. Vaccarino, R. W. Alexander, D. G. Harrison, and A. A. Quyyumi Endothelial Function and Aminothiol Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Healthy Adults Hypertension, July 1, 2008; 52(1): 80 - 85. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. S. Shankar and H. O. Steinberg Weight Loss and Vascular Function: The Good and the Unknown Hypertension, July 1, 2008; 52(1): 57 - 58. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. H. Han, J. H. Bae, D. R. Holmes Jr, R. J. Lennon, E. Eeckhout, G. W. Barsness, C. S. Rihal, and A. Lerman Sex differences in atheroma burden and endothelial function in patients with early coronary atherosclerosis Eur. Heart J., June 1, 2008; 29(11): 1359 - 1369. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Pizzi, L. Manzoli, S. Mancini, and G. M. Costa Analysis of potential predictors of depression among coronary heart disease risk factors including heart rate variability, markers of inflammation, and endothelial function Eur. Heart J., May 1, 2008; 29(9): 1110 - 1117. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Galluccio, P. Piatti, L. Citterio, P. C. G. Lucotti, E. Setola, L. Cassina, M. Oldani, I. Zavaroni, E. Bosi, A. Colombo, et al. Hyperinsulinemia and impaired leptin-adiponectin ratio associate with endothelial nitric oxide synthase polymorphisms in subjects with in-stent restenosis Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, May 1, 2008; 294(5): E978 - E986. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. L. Moens, C. J. Vrints, M. J. Claeys, J.-P. Timmermans, H. C. Champion, and D. A. Kass Mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets for folic acid in cardiovascular disease Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, May 1, 2008; 294(5): H1971 - H1977. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. J. Flammer, I. Sudano, F. Hermann, S. Gay, A. Forster, M. Neidhart, P. Kunzler, F. Enseleit, D. Periat, M. Hermann, et al. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition Improves Vascular Function in Rheumatoid Arthritis Circulation, April 29, 2008; 117(17): 2262 - 2269. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. D. Patel and R. R. Arora Review: Endothelial dysfunction: A potential tool in gender related cardiovascular disease Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular Disease, April 1, 2008; 2(2): 89 - 100. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Terashima, P. K. Nguyen, G. D. Rubin, C. Iribarren, B. K. Courtney, A. S. Go, S. P. Fortmann, and M. V. McConnell Impaired coronary vasodilation by magnetic resonance angiography is associated with advanced coronary artery calcification. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. Img., March 1, 2008; 1(2): 167 - 173. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. I. Yilmaz, M. Saglam, J. J. Carrero, A. R. Qureshi, K. Caglar, T. Eyileten, A. Sonmez, E. Cakir, M. Yenicesu, B. Lindholm, et al. Serum visfatin concentration and endothelial dysfunction in chronic kidney disease Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., March 1, 2008; 23(3): 959 - 965. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Imamura, R. Takahashi, R. Murakami, H. Kataoka, X. W. Cheng, Y. Numaguchi, T. Murohara, and K. Okumura The effects of endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphisms on endothelial function and metabolic risk factors in healthy subjects: the significance of plasma adiponectin levels Eur. J. Endocrinol., February 1, 2008; 158(2): 189 - 195. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. J. Kern Persistent endothelial dysfunction after drug-eluting stents another continuing cost of reducing restenosis. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. Intv., February 1, 2008; 1(1): 72 - 73. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Lavi, J. P. McConnell, R. Lavi, G. W. Barsness, C. S. Rihal, G. D. Novak, L. O. Lerman, and A. Lerman Association Between the Paraoxonase-1 192Q>R Allelic Variant and Coronary Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients With Early Coronary Artery Disease Mayo Clin. Proc., February 1, 2008; 83(2): 158 - 164. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Swaminathan, J. Davies, and A. Struthers Review: Aldosterone antagonism in type 2 diabetes mellitus -- a new therapeutic approach to diabetic macrovascular disease? The British Journal of Diabetes & Vascular Disease, January 1, 2008; 8(1): 16 - 19. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Rigo, R. Sicari, S. Gherardi, A. Djordjevic-Dikic, L. Cortigiani, and E. Picano The additive prognostic value of wall motion abnormalities and coronary flow reserve during dipyridamole stress echo Eur. Heart J., January 1, 2008; 29(1): 79 - 88. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. L. Schiffrin Oxidative Stress, Nitric Oxide Synthase, and Superoxide Dismutase: A Matter of Imbalance Underlies Endothelial Dysfunction in the Human Coronary Circulation Hypertension, January 1, 2008; 51(1): 31 - 32. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Lavi, E. H. Yang, A. Prasad, V. Mathew, G. W. Barsness, C. S. Rihal, L. O. Lerman, and A. Lerman The Interaction Between Coronary Endothelial Dysfunction, Local Oxidative Stress, and Endogenous Nitric Oxide in Humans Hypertension, January 1, 2008; 51(1): 127 - 133. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. I. Worthley, R. S. Kanani, Y.-H. Sun, Y. Sun, D. M. Goodhart, M. J. Curtis, and T. J. Anderson Effects of tetrahydrobiopterin on coronary vascular reactivity in atherosclerotic human coronary arteries Cardiovasc Res, December 1, 2007; 76(3): 539 - 546. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. R. Duncan, S. J. Walker, V. A. Ezzat, S. B. Wheatcroft, J.-M. Li, A. M. Shah, and M. T. Kearney Accelerated endothelial dysfunction in mild prediabetic insulin resistance: the early role of reactive oxygen species Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, November 1, 2007; 293(5): E1311 - E1319. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Gossl, L. O. Lerman, and A. Lerman Frontiers in Nephrology: Early Atherosclerosis A View Beyond the Lumen J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., November 1, 2007; 18(11): 2836 - 2842. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Cortigiani, F. Rigo, S. Gherardi, R. Sicari, M. Galderisi, F. Bovenzi, and E. Picano Additional Prognostic Value of Coronary Flow Reserve in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Patients With Negative Dipyridamole Stress Echocardiography by Wall Motion Criteria J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., October 2, 2007; 50(14): 1354 - 1361. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Philpott and T. J. Anderson Reactive Hyperemia and Cardiovascular Risk Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., October 1, 2007; 27(10): 2065 - 2067. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Dumitrescu, R. Biondi, Y. Xia, A. J. Cardounel, L. J. Druhan, G. Ambrosio, and J. L. Zweier Myocardial ischemia results in tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) oxidation with impaired endothelial function ameliorated by BH4 PNAS, September 18, 2007; 104(38): 15081 - 15086. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. de Bree, L. A van Mierlo, and R. Draijer Folic acid improves vascular reactivity in humans: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, September 1, 2007; 86(3): 610 - 617. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. M. Maki-Petaja, A. D. Booth, F. C. Hall, S. M.L. Wallace, J. Brown, C. M. McEniery, and I. B. Wilkinson Ezetimibe and Simvastatin Reduce Inflammation, Disease Activity, and Aortic Stiffness and Improve Endothelial Function in Rheumatoid Arthritis J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., August 28, 2007; 50(9): 852 - 858. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K.-J. Chuang, C.-C. Chan, T.-C. Su, C.-T. Lee, and C.-S. Tang The Effect of Urban Air Pollution on Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, Coagulation, and Autonomic Dysfunction in Young Adults Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., August 15, 2007; 176(4): 370 - 376. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. M. Shenouda and J. A. Vita Effects of Flavonoid-Containing Beverages and EGCG on Endothelial Function J. Am. Coll. Nutr., August 1, 2007; 26(4): 366S - 372S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. D. Robinson, C. A. Ludlam, N. A. Boon, and D. E. Newby Endothelial Fibrinolytic Capacity Predicts Future Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., July 1, 2007; 27(7): 1651 - 1656. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. H. McNulty, M. A. Tulli, B. J. Robertson, V. Lendel, L. A. Harach, S. Scott, and J. P. Boehmer Effect of simulated postprandial hyperglycemia on coronary blood flow in cardiac transplant recipients Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, July 1, 2007; 293(1): H103 - H108. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Grad, M. Golomb, I. Mor-Yosef, N. Koroukhov, C. Lotan, E. R. Edelman, and H. D. Danenberg Transgenic expression of human C-reactive protein suppresses endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression and bioactivity after vascular injury Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, July 1, 2007; 293(1): H489 - H495. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. J Hamilton, G. T Chew, and G. F Watts Therapeutic regulation of endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research, June 1, 2007; 4(2): 89 - 102. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 V. G. Barauna, K. T. Rosa, M. C. Irigoyen, and E. M. de Oliveira Effects of Resistance Training on Ventricular Function and Hypertrophy in a Rat Model Clin. Med. Res., June 1, 2007; 5(2): 114 - 120. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Martin, B. Lindblad, and M. Norman Endothelial Function in Newborn Infants Is Related to Folate Levels and Birth Weight Pediatrics, June 1, 2007; 119(6): 1152 - 1158. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. G. Zenovich and D. A. Taylor CELL THERAPY IN KIDNEY DISEASE: CAUTIOUS OPTIMISM... BUT OPTIMISM NONETHELESS Perit. Dial. Int., June 1, 2007; 27(Supplement_2): S94 - S103. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. R. Ferreri Estrogen-TNF interactions and vascular inflammation Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, June 1, 2007; 292(6): H2566 - H2569. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Lavi, J. P. McConnell, C. S. Rihal, A. Prasad, V. Mathew, L. O. Lerman, and A. Lerman Local Production of Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 and Lysophosphatidylcholine in the Coronary Circulation: Association With Early Coronary Atherosclerosis and Endothelial Dysfunction in Humans Circulation, May 29, 2007; 115(21): 2715 - 2721. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Lavi, A. Prasad, E. H. Yang, V. Mathew, R. D. Simari, C. S. Rihal, L. O. Lerman, and A. Lerman Smoking Is Associated With Epicardial Coronary Endothelial Dysfunction and Elevated White Blood Cell Count in Patients With Chest Pain and Early Coronary Artery Disease Circulation, May 22, 2007; 115(20): 2621 - 2627. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. J. Anderson Prognostic Significance of Brachial Flow-Mediated Vasodilation Circulation, May 8, 2007; 115(18): 2373 - 2375. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. H. McNulty, B. J. Robertson, M. A. Tulli, J. Hess, L. A. Harach, S. Scott, and L. I. Sinoway Effect of hyperoxia and vitamin C on coronary blood flow in patients with ischemic heart disease J Appl Physiol, May 1, 2007; 102(5): 2040 - 2045. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. V. Jimenez, R. M. Estepa, R. M. Camacho, R. C. Estrada, F. G. Luna, and F. B. Guitarte Endothelial dysfunction is related to insulin resistance and inflammatory biomarker levels in obese prepubertal children Eur. J. Endocrinol., April 1, 2007; 156(4): 497 - 502. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Korkmaz, D.U. Cansu, and T. Kasifoglu Myocardial infarction in young patients (<=35 years of age) with systemic lupus erythematosus: a case report and clinical analysis of the literature Lupus, April 1, 2007; 16(4): 289 - 297. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Lerman, D. R. Holmes, J. Herrmann, and B. J. Gersh Microcirculatory dysfunction in ST-elevation myocardial infarction: cause, consequence, or both? Eur. Heart J., April 1, 2007; 28(7): 788 - 797. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
U. Landmesser, S. Spiekermann, C. Preuss, S. Sorrentino, D. Fischer, C. Manes, M. Mueller, and H. Drexler Angiotensin II Induces Endothelial Xanthine Oxidase Activation: Role for Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients With Coronary Disease Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., April 1, 2007; 27(4): 943 - 948. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Barac, U. Campia, and J. A. Panza Methods for Evaluating Endothelial Function in Humans Hypertension, April 1, 2007; 49(4): 748 - 760. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. E. Deanfield, J. P. Halcox, and T. J. Rabelink Endothelial Function and Dysfunction: Testing and Clinical Relevance Circulation, March 13, 2007; 115(10): 1285 - 1295. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Belay, P. F. Belamarich, and C. Tom-Revzon The Use of Statins in Pediatrics: Knowledge Base, Limitations, and Future Directions Pediatrics, February 1, 2007; 119(2): 370 - 380. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Morita, T. Tsukamoto, M. Naya, K. Noriyasu, M. Inubushi, T. Shiga, C. Katoh, Y. Kuge, H. Tsutsui, and N. Tamaki Smoking Cessation Normalizes Coronary Endothelial Vasomotor Response Assessed with 15O-Water and PET in Healthy Young Smokers J. Nucl. Med., December 1, 2006; 47(12): 1914 - 1920. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K W Lee, A D Blann, K Jolly, G Y H Lip, and on behalf of the BRUM Investigators Plasma haemostatic markers, endothelial function and ambulatory blood pressure changes with home versus hospital cardiac rehabilitation: the Birmingham Rehabilitation Uptake Maximisation Study Heart, December 1, 2006; 92(12): 1732 - 1738. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Imanishi, K. Kobayashi, A. Kuroi, S. Mochizuki, M. Goto, K. Yoshida, and T. Akasaka Effects of Angiotensin II on NO Bioavailability Evaluated Using a Catheter-Type NO Sensor Hypertension, December 1, 2006; 48(6): 1058 - 1065. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Waxman, F. Ishibashi, and J. E. Muller Detection and Treatment of Vulnerable Plaques and Vulnerable Patients: Novel Approaches to Prevention of Coronary Events Circulation, November 28, 2006; 114(22): 2390 - 2411. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. S. Waring, J. A. McKnight, D. J. Webb, and S. R.J. Maxwell Uric Acid Restores Endothelial Function in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes and Regular Smokers Diabetes, November 1, 2006; 55(11): 3127 - 3132. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Guo, D. Martinez-Vasquez, G. P. Mendez, M. F. Toniolo, T. M. Yao, E. M. Oestreicher, T. Kikuchi, N. Lapointe, L. Pojoga, G. H. Williams, et al. Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist Reduces Renal Injury in Rodent Models of Types 1 and 2 Diabetes Mellitus Endocrinology, November 1, 2006; 147(11): 5363 - 5373. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. M. McEniery, S. Wallace, I. S. Mackenzie, B. McDonnell, Yasmin, D. E. Newby, J. R. Cockcroft, and I. B. Wilkinson Endothelial Function Is Associated With Pulse Pressure, Pulse Wave Velocity, and Augmentation Index in Healthy Humans Hypertension, October 1, 2006; 48(4): 602 - 608. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. P. Rossi, G. Maiolino, M. Zanchetta, D. Sticchi, L. Pedon, M. Cesari, D. Montemurro, R. De Toni, S. Zavattiero, and A. C. Pessina The T-786C Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Genotype Predicts Cardiovascular Mortality in High-Risk Patients J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., September 19, 2006; 48(6): 1166 - 1174. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. M. Maki-Petaja, F. C. Hall, A. D. Booth, S. M.L. Wallace, Yasmin, P. W.P. Bearcroft, S. Harish, A. Furlong, C. M. McEniery, J. Brown, et al. Rheumatoid Arthritis Is Associated With Increased Aortic Pulse-Wave Velocity, Which Is Reduced by Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor-{alpha} Therapy Circulation, September 12, 2006; 114(11): 1185 - 1192. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Feletou and P. M. Vanhoutte Endothelial dysfunction: a multifaceted disorder (The Wiggers Award Lecture) Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, September 1, 2006; 291(3): H985 - H1002. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. J Roman, T. Z Naqvi, J. M Gardin, M. Gerhard-Herman, M. Jaff, and E. Mohler American Society of Echocardiography Report: Clinical application of noninvasive vascular ultrasound in cardiovascular risk stratification: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography and the Society for Vascular Medicine and Biology Vascular Medicine, August 1, 2006; 11(3): 201 - 211. [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Bugiardini, O. Manfrini, and G. M. De Ferrari Unanswered questions for management of acute coronary syndrome: risk stratification of patients with minimal disease or normal findings on coronary angiography. Arch Intern Med, July 10, 2006; 166(13): 1391 - 1395. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.-C. Tardif, T. Heinonen, D. Orloff, and P. Libby Vascular Biomarkers and Surrogates in Cardiovascular Disease Circulation, June 27, 2006; 113(25): 2936 - 2942. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 U. Hink and T. Munzel COX-2, Another Important Player in the Nitric Oxide-Endothelin Cross-Talk: Good News for COX-2 Inhibitors? Circ. Res., June 9, 2006; 98(11): 1344 - 1346. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. S. Vasan Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease: Molecular Basis and Practical Considerations Circulation, May 16, 2006; 113(19): 2335 - 2362. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Sourij, R. Zweiker, and T. C. Wascher Effects of Pioglitazone on Endothelial Function, Insulin Sensitivity, and Glucose Control in Subjects With Coronary Artery Disease and New-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Diabetes Care, May 1, 2006; 29(5): 1039 - 1045. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. A. Elesber, H. Solomon, R. J. Lennon, V. Mathew, A. Prasad, G. Pumper, R. E. Nelson, J. P. McConnell, L. O. Lerman, and A. Lerman Coronary endothelial dysfunction is associated with erectile dysfunction and elevated asymmetric dimethylarginine in patients with early atherosclerosis Eur. Heart J., April 1, 2006; 27(7): 824 - 831. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. P.H. van Wijk, E. J.P. de Koning, M. C. Cabezas, J. Joven, J. op't Roodt, T. J. Rabelink, and A. M. Hoepelman Functional and Structural Markers of Atherosclerosis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., March 21, 2006; 47(6): 1117 - 1123. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|