(Circulation. 2000;101:2060.)
© 2000 American Heart Association, Inc.
Clinical Investigation and Reports |
Deletion Allele of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene Increases Risk of Essential Hypertension in Japanese Men
The Suita Study
From the Department of Geriatric Medicine, Osaka University Medical School (J.H., T.K., N.S., K.I., T.O.), and the Department of Preventive Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center (S.B., T.M., J.O.), Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Correspondence to Jitsuo Higaki, MD, PhD, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Osaka University Medical School, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. E-mail tkatsuya{at}yo.rim.or.jp
Background—The Framingham Study recently revealed that the homozygous deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene (ACE DD) is associated with increased risk for essential hypertension in a male-specific manner. However, this association has not been confirmed in races other than whites.
Methods and Results—Using a large number of Japanese subjects (n=5014) that were randomly selected from the general population (the Suita Study), we examined the association between ACE DD and hypertension. The frequency of DD (17.1%) in hypertensive men was significantly higher (P<0.0015) than that (11.8%) in other mildly hypertensive or normotensive men, and the estimated odds prevalence for hypertension (DD vs II) was 1.75 (95% CI 1.21 to 2.53). In contrast, no significant association was confirmed in women (OR 1.17, 95% CI 0.79 to 1.72).
Conclusions—Despite the lower frequency of the DD genotype in Japanese than in whites, the ACE gene polymorphism was associated with increased risk for hypertension, suggesting that this polymorphism is a mild but certain genetic risk factor for essential hypertension in men.
Key Words: renin • angiotensin • genetics • population
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  P. Rivera, M. P. Ocaranza, S. Lavandero, and J. E. Jalil Rho Kinase Activation and Gene Expression Related to Vascular Remodeling in Normotensive Rats With High Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme Levels Hypertension, October 1, 2007; 50(4): 792 - 798. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Nakhjavani, F. Esfahanian, A. Jahanshahi, A. Esteghamati, A. R. Nikzamir, A. Rashidi, and M. Zahraei The relationship between the insertion/deletion polymorphism of the ACE gene and hypertension in Iranian patients with type 2 diabetes Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., September 1, 2007; 22(9): 2549 - 2553. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. A. Patsopoulos, A. Tatsioni, and J. P. A. Ioannidis Claims of Sex Differences: An Empirical Assessment in Genetic Associations JAMA, August 22, 2007; 298(8): 880 - 893. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Gu, S. Su, D. Ge, S. Chen, J. Huang, B. Li, R. Chen, and B. Qiang Association Study With 33 Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in 11 Candidate Genes for Hypertension in Chinese Hypertension, June 1, 2006; 47(6): 1147 - 1154. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. E. Jalil, A. Perez, M. P. Ocaranza, J. Bargetto, A. Galaz, and S. Lavandero Increased Aortic NADPH Oxidase Activity in Rats With Genetically High Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Levels Hypertension, December 1, 2005; 46(6): 1362 - 1367. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. Koch, W. Latz, M. Eichinger, C. Ganser, A. Schomig, and A. Kastrati Genotyping of the Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Gene Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism by the TaqMan Method Clin. Chem., August 1, 2005; 51(8): 1547 - 1549. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Lin, L. Finn, J. Zhang, T. Young, and E. Mignot Angiotensin-converting Enzyme, Sleep-disordered Breathing, and Hypertension Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., December 15, 2004; 170(12): 1349 - 1353. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Katzov, A. M. Bennet, P. Kehoe, B. Wiman, M. Gatz, K. Blennow, B. Lenhard, N. L. Pedersen, U. de Faire, and J. A. Prince A cladistic model of ACE sequence variation with implications for myocardial infarction, Alzheimer disease and obesity Hum. Mol. Genet., November 1, 2004; 13(21): 2647 - 2657. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I Narita, S Goto, N Saito, J Song, K Omori, D Kondo, M Sakatsume, and F Gejyo Renoprotective efficacy of renin-angiotensin inhibitors in IgA nephropathy is influenced by ACE A2350G polymorphism J. Med. Genet., December 1, 2003; 40(12): e130 - 130. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Narita, S. Goto, N. Saito, J. Song, J. Ajiro, F. Sato, D. Saga, D. Kondo, K. Akazawa, M. Sakatsume, et al. Interaction Between ACE and ADD1 Gene Polymorphisms in the Progression of IgA Nephropathy in Japanese Patients Hypertension, September 1, 2003; 42(3): 304 - 309. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Fischer, A. Baessler, and H. Schunkert Renin angiotensin system and gender differences in the cardiovascular system Cardiovasc Res, February 15, 2002; 53(3): 672 - 677. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N J Mayer, A Forsyth, S Kantachuvesiri, J J Mullins, and S Fleming Association of the D allele of the angiotensin I converting enzyme polymorphism with malignant vascular injury Mol. Pathol., February 1, 2002; 55(1): 29 - 33. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Ishikawa, S. Baba, T. Katsuya, N. Iwai, T. Asai, M. Fukuda, S. Takiuchi, Y. Fu, T. Mannami, J. Ogata, et al. T+31C Polymorphism of Angiotensinogen Gene and Essential Hypertension Hypertension, February 1, 2001; 37(2): 281 - 285. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|